中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
老年人、儿童、孕产妇等重点人群如何选用中药防治新冠？****** 光明网讯（记者 林佳欣）老年人、儿童、孕产妇等重点人群如何选用中药防治新冠病毒感染，有哪些需要注意的？今天（3日）下午，国务院联防联控机制召开新闻发布会，针对中医药医疗救治工作有关情况作介绍。广东省中医院院长张忠德针对这一问题作出回应。 老年人感染新冠病毒以后，如何选择中成药？张忠德表示，老年人的体质正气虚，各种机能下降，尤其是80岁以上老人，有基础病、慢性病的老人，正气虚、肾气虚、脾气虚。这类老人感染新冠病毒以后，分三个时期：早期症状轻微时，老人的用药前提是早期干预、全程干预。当他出现恶寒、头痛、发烧或者胃肠不好时，选药原则是阻断它向重症发展，这是首要原则。对主要症状要进行强烈的干预，如果老人的症状以发烧为主就用清热解毒的药物；如果症状以寒湿为主就使用驱寒解毒的药物；如果症状以湿邪为主，多表现为胃肠道症状的，就使用化湿解毒的药物；如果症状以气喘胸闷为主就使用宣肺解毒的药物。根据这三种不同的表现来选择“三药三方”，化湿败毒、宣肺败毒、清肺败毒，这是很好的阻断老年人向重症发展的药物。更主要的是，老年患者的本质就是虚症，所以在这个过程中，一定要注意全程扶正。那么，老年人怎么扶正呢？张忠德表示，补气为先，用西洋参、太子参，出汗多的温阳，西北地区多燥邪，就滋阴治疗，每个地方都有沙参、麦冬。知道怎么去选，知道是为什么，就可以阻断。如果没有清肺排毒汤怎么办？还有“三药三方”，还有国家中医药管理局推出来的一些中成药。一旦出现高热不退、胸闷不舒服等症状，应该尽快去专业的医院，让专业的医生处理。 张忠德表示，儿童目前治疗的可选药物不多，但是中医药在儿科方面，尤其是在外感性疾病方面有优势。儿童的体质是骄阳，比较娇气。比如这一波疫情中，广东高烧的患儿较多，中医药的治疗效果非常好，我们用麻杏石甘汤和银翘散组成健儿解毒方，大多数患者可以在24小时、36小时内把体温降下来，留下一点咳嗽，很快就能康复了。但是由于儿童病情进展非常快，如果持续高烧，并且出现一些抽搐、惊厥等情况，要尽快去医院。儿童的病情有来得快、去得快的特点，所以要关注好患儿体温的情况。 中医药在这几千年来治疗孕妇的过程中，都是用中医药，因为中医药里面对于孕妇或者胎儿有影响的药物已经列得很清楚，所以我们在治疗孕妇的高危症状时，针对高烧、剧烈咳嗽、便秘这三个主要症状，中医药的效果非常好，我们就选用中医药药典里面记载的，对孕妇、胎儿没有影响的药物，现在也在广泛使用，有很好的效果。如果出现高烧持续不退或者出现并发症，一定要去医院诊治。另外，孕妇服用这些中药，要在医生指导下服用，会取得很好的效果。 乐乐彩地图 |
